The Most Common Cyber Threats Facing Companies Today: A List That Keeps Growing
There are so many cyber attack methods and techniques used by cyber criminals today that it can be difficult for companies to keep up with the latest cyber threats—but we've certainly tried to for you.
With the rapid pace of change and innovation in business, cybersecurity has become a top concern for companies in all industries. The truth is, no company is immune to cyber threats and the risk of a data breach is constantly increasing each day.
In the 2022 Cyber Threats Glossary, we'll educate you on some of the most common cyber attacks and cyber threats that threaten businesses today so you can be better prepared to protect your company from a data breach.
With new threats entering the conversation daily, here are just some of the cyber threats your business should know about, from A to Z...
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
A
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is a type of cybersecurity threat that is sophisticated and well-funded, and typically targets businesses or government organizations. APTs are one of the most dangerous cyber threats companies face today because they can go undetected for months or even years. APTs can involve cyber criminals stealing data or intellectual property, or launching attacks that damage or disable systems. To prevent APT attacks, companies should have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular updates and security audits.
B
Botnet attacks
A botnet is a network of infected devices that are controlled by a cyber criminal. These devices, which can include computers, smartphones, and IoT devices, are typically infected with malware that allows the attacker to take control of them. Once the attacker has control of a device, they can use it to launch attacks on other systems or networks or to steal data. To prevent botnet attacks, companies should have a cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular scans for malware and training for employees on how to spot and avoid malicious software.
Brute force attack
A brute force attack is a type of cybersecurity attack that uses automated software to guess passwords or other login credentials until the correct ones are found. Brute force attacks can be very successful in breaching systems because they can go undetected for long periods of time, and they often exploit weak or stolen passwords. To prevent brute force attacks, companies should have a cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular password changes and two-factor authentication.
C
Clickjacking
Clickjacking occurs when an attacker tricks the target into clicking on something different from what they had expected. This can potentially reveal sensitive information, take control of their computer, or cause them to take an action that was not intended.
Credential stuffing
Credential stuffing is a type of cyber attack that involves using stolen login credentials to gain access to online accounts. This can be done through leaked databases or by using credential-cracking tools. To protect against credential stuffing attacks, companies should implement strong authentication methods like CAPTCHAs or multi-factor authentication. Additionally, they should regularly check for leaked databases that contain their employees' or customers' login credentials.
Cross-site scripting
Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of cyber attack that allows attackers to inject malicious code into a web page. This can be done through infected websites or by sending malicious requests to a web server. To protect against XSS attacks, companies should ensure that all user input is properly validated and escaped.
Cryptojacking
Cryptojacking is a type of cyber attack where attackers install malware on a victim's device in order to use their processing power for cryptocurrency mining. This can be done by tricking victims into downloading malicious software or by exploiting unpatched vulnerabilities in web browsers. To protect against cryptojacking, companies should use cybersecurity monitoring tools and keep all their devices up to date.
D
Data breaches
Data breaches are one of the most damaging cybersecurity risks companies can face, as they put sensitive personal data like credit card numbers, banking information, and login credentials at risk of being stolen. Data breaches often occur when attackers gain unauthorized access to a company's cybersecurity systems, or trick employees into divulging sensitive information by sending phishing emails or malicious links. To prevent data breaches, companies should regularly update their cybersecurity systems and have strict cybersecurity protocols in place that encourage employees to be vigilant about cybersecurity best practices.
DDoS attacks
DDoS attacks are a type of cyber attack that involves flooding an online service with high volumes of bogus traffic in order to disrupt normal operations. This can be done through infected devices or by using a botnet. To protect against DDoS attacks, companies should implement rate-limiting and have a plan in place for dealing with high volumes of traffic.
DNS Spoofing
DNS spoofing is a type of cyber attack where attackers redirect DNS traffic to a malicious server in order to steal data or spread malware. This can be done by compromising DNS servers or by using tools that allow attackers to modify DNS records. To protect against DNS spoofing, companies should use secure DNS servers and regularly check their DNS records for accuracy.
Drive-by Attacks
Drive-by attacks are a type of cyber attack where attackers infect a website with malware that is then downloaded and executed by unsuspecting visitors. This can be done through compromised websites or by using malicious advertising networks. To protect against drive-by attacks, companies should ensure that their website is properly secured and only visit websites that they trust.
E
Eavesdropping attack
Eavesdropping is a type of cyber attack where attackers listen in on communications in order to gather sensitive information. This can be done by intercepting communication traffic or by exploiting vulnerabilities in VoIP systems. To protect against eavesdropping attacks, companies should encrypt all communication traffic and regularly update their cybersecurity systems.
Encrypted threats
Encrypted threats are a type of cyber attack where attackers use encryption to hide their tracks or make it more difficult for defenders to detect and respond to an attack. This can be done by encrypting communication channels, using steganography to hide data in images, or using ransomware to encrypt files. To protect against encrypted threats, companies should use cybersecurity software and keep their systems up to date.
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I
Identity theft
Identity theft is a type of cyber attack where attackers gain access to someone's personal information in order to commit fraud or other crimes. This can be done by stealing login credentials, taking over social media accounts, or breaking into financial institutions. To protect against identity theft, companies should have strong authentication measures in place and educate employees on cybersecurity best practices.
Infrastructure attacks
Infrastructure attacks are a type of cyber attack that targets the underlying infrastructure of an organization, such as its network or servers. This can be done by compromising devices connected to the network, using sophisticated malware to take control of critical systems, or launching DDoS attacks. To protect against infrastructure attacks, companies should segment their networks, use strong authentication methods, and regularly update the software on all devices.
Insider threats
Insider threats are a type of cyber attack where attackers gain access to an organization's systems through legitimate means, such as having a valid login or physical access to a facility. This can be done by social engineering or by stealing credentials. To protect against insider threats, companies should implement proper access control measures and conduct regular security audits.
Internet fraud
Internet fraud is a type of cyber attack where attackers use the internet to commit fraud. This can be done by phishing for personal information, using fake websites or emails to collect payment information, or spreading malware. To protect against internet fraud, companies should educate their employees about cybersecurity best practices and have strong cybersecurity systems in place.
Intrusion attempts
Intrusion attempts are a type of cyber attack where attackers try to gain unauthorized access to an organization's systems. This can be done by guessing passwords, exploiting vulnerabilities in software, or using social engineering techniques. To protect against intrusion attempts, companies should implement proper security measures and conduct regular security audits.
IoT malware
IoT malware is a type of cyber attack that takes advantage of insecure or poorly configured devices connected to the internet. This can be done by exploiting vulnerabilities in device firmware, using brute-force attacks to guess passwords, or taking control of devices remotely. To protect against IoT malware, companies should implement proper cybersecurity controls and conduct regular security audits of all connected devices.
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M
Malware
Malware is a type of malicious software that can damage computers or steal data. It can be delivered through phishing emails, infected websites, or infected devices. To protect against malware, companies should regularly scan their systems for viruses and install cybersecurity software on all devices.
Man-in-the-middle attacks
Man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks are a type of cyber attack where attackers intercept communications between two parties in order to manipulate the data or steal sensitive information. This can be done by setting up a rogue Wi-Fi access point, intercepting communications over cellular networks, or compromising an insecure communication protocol. To protect against MitM attacks, companies should encrypt all their online communications and use authentication methods like certificate pinning.
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P
Password attacks
Password attacks are a type of cyber attack that involves guessing or brute-forcing passwords in order to gain access to sensitive data. This can be done through infected websites, phishing emails, or by using a password cracker. To protect against password attacks, companies should use strong passwords and implement two-factor authentication.
Phishing Attacks
Phishing attacks are one of the most common and oldest forms of cyber attacks. They typically involve attackers sending emails that appear to be from a legitimate company or organization in an attempt to trick victims into clicking on a malicious link or attachment. Once the victim clicks on the link or attachment, they unknowingly install malware on their device or reveal sensitive information like login credentials. To prevent phishing attacks, companies should educate their employees on how to spot them and have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular training on cybersecurity best practices and simulated phishing attacks.
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R
Ransomware
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that infects a computer or device and encrypts the data it contains, preventing users from accessing it until they pay a ransom to the attacker. This type of attack has become increasingly common in recent years, as ransomware gangs have targeted both individuals and businesses. To prevent ransomware attacks, companies should have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular backups of their data and training for employees on how to spot and avoid ransomware.
S
Social engineering
Similarly to phishing, social engineering attacks involve cyber criminals tricking victims into divulging sensitive information or installing malware on their devices by taking advantage of human vulnerabilities. This can include impersonating a company employee to convince victims to share sensitive data over the phone, or using targeted emails and websites that appear legitimate but actually contain malicious links. To prevent social engineering attacks, companies should regularly remind employees to never click on links or download attachments from unknown sources, be cautious when sharing information over the phone or online, and should always have multiple layers of cybersecurity protections in place.
Spear-phishing
Spear-phishing is a type of targeted phishing attack that specifically targets a certain individual or organization. The attacker will often do research on their target to personalize the email and make it appear more legitimate. This can increase the chances of the victim clicking on a malicious link or attachment, as they believe it is from a trusted source. To protect against spear-phishing attacks, companies should educate their employees on how to spot them and have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular training on cybersecurity best practices and simulated phishing attacks.
Spyware
Spyware is a type of malware that functions by spying on user activity without their knowledge. The capabilities include activity monitoring, collecting keystrokes, data harvesting (account information, logins, financial data), and more.
SQL injection
SQL injection is a type of cyber attack that allows attackers to execute malicious code on a database. This can be done through infected websites or by sending malicious requests to a database server. To protect against SQL injection attacks, companies should implement proper input validation and ensure that their databases are not publicly accessible.
Supply chain attacks
Supply chain attacks involve cyber criminals targeting a company by attacking its vendors or other third-party providers. This can be done by infecting the software or hardware that these vendors provide, or by gaining access to their systems and using them to attack the company. To prevent supply chain attacks, companies should vet their vendors carefully and have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular training on cybersecurity best practices.
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U
URL manipulation
URL manipulation is a type of cyber attack that allows attackers to redirect users from a legitimate website to a malicious one. This can be done by changing the URL of a link on a website or by sending a victim an email with a malicious link. To protect against URL manipulation attacks, companies should educate their employees on how to spot them and have a robust cybersecurity policy in place that includes regular training on cybersecurity best practices.
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W
Whale-phishing attacks
Whale phishing is a type of cyber attack targeting high-level executives and employees within an organization in order to gain access to sensitive data or company resources. This can be done by sending well-crafted emails that appear to be from a legitimate source, such as the CEO or another executive within the company. To prevent whale phishing attacks, companies should educate their employees on how to spot them and have a robust cybersecurity policy in place.
Web application attacks
Web application attacks are a type of cyber attack that target vulnerabilities in web applications to exploit sensitive data or gain control over user accounts. This can be done by exploiting insecure code, making use of cross-site scripting (XSS) injections, or using brute force techniques. To protect against web application attacks, companies should implement security checks for all web applications and perform regular cybersecurity audits.
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Z
Zero-day vulnerability
A zero-day vulnerability is a cybersecurity flaw that has not been previously discovered or addressed by software vendors. These vulnerabilities are highly prized by attackers, as they can often be used to gain access to sensitive data or conduct cyber attacks undetected. To protect against zero-day vulnerabilities, companies should implement regular patches and updates for all their systems, and invest in cybersecurity tools to proactively detect and defend against such attacks.
Conclusion: 2022 Cyber Threats Glossary
So, how'd we do?
Although we attempted to make this glossary as comprehensive as possible, we can assure you there are more cyber threats out there...
The 2022 Cyber Threats Glossary should serve as a great start to understanding some of the most common cyber threats that companies face today.
Use the tips included in this glossary to help prevent cyber attacks from happening to your company. And always remember that cybersecurity is an ever-changing landscape, so stay vigilant and proactive in your approach to cybersecurity.
For more information on how to stop cyber threats, check out our blog to learn more about cybersecurity best practices for businesses.
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